http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/317/2/694
Substantial amounts of androstenol are present in human urine (Brooksbank and Haslewood, 1961), and the steroid has also been found in pig and human plasma and saliva and human axillary sweat (Brooksbank et al., 1974; Bicknell and Gower, 1976; Smals and Weusten, 1991). The best studied site of androstenol synthesis is the testis (Gower and Haslewood, 1961; Hurden et al., 1984; Smals and Weusten, 1991). The crucial synthetic reaction is the conversion of pregnenolone (Brooksbank and Wilson, 1970; Hurden et al., 1984) to androstadienol by the recently described 16-ene-synthetase activity of cytochrome P450c17 (steroid 17-mono-oxygenase) (Soucy et al., 2003). Androstadienol can then be sequentially converted to androstenol by 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 5-reductase, and 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Dufort et al., 2001), a series of reduction and oxidation steps analogous to the metabolic pathway for androgens in which dehydroepiandrosterone is converted to testosterone and then to androstanediol. In humans, androstenol may be synthesized in the adrenal gland and ovary rather than the testis (Smals and Weusten, 1991), under the control of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and gonadotropins (Cleveland and Savard, 1964; Gower and Stern, 1969).
Substantial amounts of androstenol are present in human urine (Brooksbank and Haslewood, 1961), and the steroid has also been found in pig and human plasma and saliva and human axillary sweat (Brooksbank et al., 1974; Bicknell and Gower, 1976; Smals and Weusten, 1991). The best studied site of androstenol synthesis is the testis (Gower and Haslewood, 1961; Hurden et al., 1984; Smals and Weusten, 1991). The crucial synthetic reaction is the conversion of pregnenolone (Brooksbank and Wilson, 1970; Hurden et al., 1984) to androstadienol by the recently described 16-ene-synthetase activity of cytochrome P450c17 (steroid 17-mono-oxygenase) (Soucy et al., 2003). Androstadienol can then be sequentially converted to androstenol by 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 5-reductase, and 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Dufort et al., 2001), a series of reduction and oxidation steps analogous to the metabolic pathway for androgens in which dehydroepiandrosterone is converted to testosterone and then to androstanediol. In humans, androstenol may be synthesized in the adrenal gland and ovary rather than the testis (Smals and Weusten, 1991), under the control of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and gonadotropins (Cleveland and Savard, 1964; Gower and Stern, 1969).
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