If this were a valid claim it would mean either new chemicals had been tested for VNO effects, or Berliner\'s chemicals were being used. Berliner\'s group has a patent on the delivery device used to show VNO effects, sothat suggests their chemicals are being used, since there is no other method to test new chemicals.
Effects of -rone may be directly on hormone levels, or may be indirect via its association with other odorslinked with sexual experience. I suspect the effect is on hormones, but it would cost a lot to prove it. Meanwhile,behavioral effects are less expensive to show. Still, until a large number of study participants can be amassed,statistical significance will be lacking. I am collaborating on a study with n = 400, if all goes well.
I can't discount secret ingredients, or even -none for that matter. It may turn out that -none has positive effects on hormone levels, for example. The fact that it is negatively perceived means little when it is typically present below levels of conscious perception. I\'m not surprised that people get confused. The entire topic of human pheromones is confusing. We still don\'t know a lot of stuff that we need to know--and speculating does tend to lead to confusion. On the other hand, most of what I've learned during the past decade was based on speculation in the latter part of the preceding decade.
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